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Imaging technologies for plant high-throughput phenotyping: a review

Yong ZHANG, Naiqian ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第4期页码 406-419 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018242

摘要：

Phenomics studies a variety of phenotypic plant traits and is the key to understanding genetic functions and environmental effects on plants. With the rapid development of genomics, many plant phenotyping platforms have been developed to study complex traits related to the growth, yield, and adaptation to biotic or abiotic stress, but the ability to acquire high-throughput phenotypic data has become the bottleneck in the study of plant genomics. In recent years, researchers around the world have conducted extensive experiments and research on high-throughput, image-based phenotyping techniques, including visible light imaging, fluorescence imaging, thermal imaging, spectral imaging, stereo imaging, and tomographic imaging. This paper considers imaging technologies developed in recent years for high-throughput phenotyping, reviews applications of these technologies in detecting and measuring plant morphological, physiological, and pathological traits, and compares their advantages and limitations.

关键词： high-throughput phenotyping imaging technology morphological traits pathological traits physiological traits

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从太赫兹成像到太赫兹无线通信 Review

Yi Huang,Yaochun Shen,Jiayou Wang

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 106-124 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.023

摘要：

太赫兹（THz）技术是公众熟知的一种强大的成像工具，该技术已经被应用于安全领域和医学扫描，生成了许多使用其他技术所无法获得的令人印象深刻的图像。随着5G移动网络的推出，对6G无线通信的研究正在升温。据预测，太赫兹技术将被用于6G和未来的无线通信。本文回顾了太赫兹技术是如何被应用于成像和无线通信的，然后介绍和确定了该领域的最新发展，最后检查和比较了这两种应用中的常见设备和问题。本文还讨论了将太赫兹成像与无线通信整合的可能性，提出并讨论了目前面临的挑战和未来前景。结果表明，太赫兹技术是未来成像和无线通信的一项关键使能技术。

关键词：通信成像太赫兹技术无线通信

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evaluation of renal function using diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in type 2

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 471-476 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0365-8

摘要：

This work aims to estimate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting early-stage kidney injury in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (NAU) versus microalbuminuria (MAU) prospectively. A total of 30 T2DM patients with normal kidney function were recruited and assigned to the NAU group (n = 14) or MAU group (n= 16) according to 8 h overnight urinary albuminuria excretion rate (AER) results. A contemporary cohort of health check-up recipients were included as controls (n = 12). DWI and DTI scans were performed on bilateral kidney using SE single-shot EPI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the renal parenchyma was determined from ADC and FA maps of the three groups. ADC and FA values were compared among the three groups. According to DWI with a b value of 400 s/mm², the MAU and NAU groups showed significantly lowered mean ADC values compared with the healthy controls (P<0.01). The mean ADC in the MAU group [(2.22±0.07)×10^–3 mm²/s] was slightly lower than that of the NAU group [(2.31±0.22)×10^–3 mm²/s], but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The FA value in the MAU group was higher than that in the control group (0.45±0.07 vs. 0.39±0.03, P = 0.004) but did not differ from that in the NAU group (0.42±0.03) (P>0.05). ADC and FA values may be more sensitive than urine AER in reflecting early-stage kidney injury and, hence, may facilitate earlier detection and quantitative evaluation of kidney injury in T2DM patients. Combined evaluation of ADC and FA values may provide a better quantitative approach for identifying diabetic nephropathy at early disease stages.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus microalbuminuria diffusion weighted imaging diffusion tensor imaging early-stage kidney injury

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红外成像技术在城市地下空间防灾监测与应急搜救中的应用发展对策

王新赛,周丰俊,郑磊,贺菁

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 92-99 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.014

摘要：

城市地下空间已经成为全球发展最快的工程建设和商业运营市场，我国城市地下工程建设水平和规模也达到了世界先进水平，但随之而来的城市地下空间的安全事故也明显增加，而相应的安全监控和应急救援却严重滞后，本文针对我国城市地下空间防恐、防爆、防核生化袭击等安全保障问题，分析红外成像技术在地下空间防灾监测与应急搜救中面临的挑战，提出了短波红外成像、多尺度红外成像预处理、图像自适应增强、环境自适应红外成像、灾情定位及报警等关键技术及其系统应用，探讨了红外成像技术在地下空间灾场的应用,可为我国城市地下空间安全立法和战略规划的制定提供参考。

关键词：红外成像防灾监测应急搜救对策城市地下空间

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Carbon dots-based fluorescence sensor for two-photon imaging of pH in diabetic mice

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 298-306 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2212-9

摘要： Herein, a reversible pH fluorescent sensor was developed using caffeic acid as the precursor by one-step solvothermal synthesis method. The carbon dots-based sensor (CA-CDs) exhibited pH-dependent increase in fluorescence intensity and showed linear relationship in the range of pH 6.60 and 8.00. Notably, the fluorescence sensor has a reversible response to pH change. Finally, the CA-CDs has been successfully applied for two-photon imaging of the pH in liver and kidney of diabetic mice. Imaging results showed that the pH value in kidney of diabetic mice was lower than that of the normal mice, while the pH value in liver of diabetic mice was almost the same as that of the normal mice. The present study provides a simple analytical method for pH detection suitable for in vivo.

关键词： carbon dots two-photon imaging pH diabetic mice

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In vivo imaging of hematopoietic stem cell development in the zebrafish

Panpan Zhang, Feng Liu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 239-247 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0123-0

摘要： imaging is crucial for developmental biology and can further help to follow cell development/differentiation in normal and pathological conditions. Recent advances in optical imaging techniques has facilitated tracing of the developmental dynamics of a specific organ, tissue, or even a single cell. The zebrafish is an excellent model for imaging of hematopoiesis due to its transparent embryo at early stage; moreover, different zebrafish hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transgenic lines have been demonstrated as very useful tools for illustrating the details of the HSC developmental process. In this review, we summarize recent studies related to the non-invasive imaging of HSC transgenics, to show that zebrafish transgenic lines are powerful tools for developmental biology and disease. At the end of the review, the perspective and some open questions in this field will be discussed.

关键词： hematopoietic stem cell hematopoiesis in vivo imaging transgenics zebrafish

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Anefficient quadrature demodulator for medical ultrasound imaging

Hao ZHOU,Yin-fei ZHENG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第4期页码 301-310 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400205

摘要： Quadrature demodulation is used in medical ultrasound imaging to derive the envelope and instantaneous phase of the received radio-frequency (RF) signal. In quadrature demodulation, RF signal is multiplied with the sine and cosine wave reference signal and then low-pass filtered to produce the base-band complex signal, which has high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose an efficient quadrature demodulation method for B-mode and color flow imaging, in which the RF signal is demodulated by a pair of finite impulse response filters without mixing with the reference signal, to reduce the computational complexity. The proposed method was evaluated with simulation and in vivo experiments. From the simulation results, the proposed quadrature demodulation method produced similar normalized residual sum of squares (NRSS) and velocity profile compared with the conventional quadrature demodulation method. In the in vivo color flow imaging experiments, the time of the demodulation process was 5.66 ms and 3.36 ms, for the conventional method and the proposed method, respectively. These results indicated that the proposed method can maintain the performance of quadrature demodulation while reducing computational complexity.

关键词： B-mode ultrasound imaging Color flow imaging Quadrature demodulation Finite impulse response filter

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光场成像技术：模型、标定、重建及应用 Review

Hao ZHU, Qing WANG, Jingyi YU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1236-1249 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601727

摘要：光场成像是计算摄像学领域一项新兴技术。基于对成像模型和光路的创新设计，光场相机不仅记录了三维物体的空间强度，而且捕获了物理世界中的角度信息。这为解决三维重建、显著区域检测、目标识别等计算机视觉问题提供了新途径。本文首先回顾了光场相机的三个关键问题，包括成像模型、标定理论以及重建方法。然后，系统介绍了光场成像技术在信息学、物理学、医学和生物学等领域的应用现状。最后，讨论了光场成像目前存在的问题，并展望了光场成像技术的应用前景。

关键词：光场成像；全光函数；成像模型；标定；重建

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Synthesis and application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in targeted therapy and imaging

Liangqian Tong, Ming Zhao, Shu Zhu, Jing Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 379-387 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0162-6

摘要： Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have become a popular strategy of cancer treatment and molecular imaging because of their versatile properties and biocompatibility. A variety of studies have shown the exciting potential of functionalized SPIO nanoparticles, such as surface-coated, targeted ligand-conjugated, and/or drug-loaded SPIO nanoparticles, as powerful tools for targeted imaging and therapy. Moreover, the applications of SPIO nanoparticles that integrate diagnosis and therapy in SPIO nanoparticles facilitate the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy during treatment. In the present review, we primarily concentrate on the recent advancements in the field of SPIO nanoparticles in terms of synthesis, targeted therapy, and cancer imaging.

关键词： nanoparticles superparamagnetic iron oxide targeted therapy molecular imaging cancer

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A highly selective fluorescent probe for real-time imaging of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8 in living

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 103-111 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2064-8

摘要： Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are enzymes involved in the biotransformation of important endogenous compounds such as steroids, bile acids, and hormones as well as exogenous substances including drugs, environmental toxicants, and carcinogens. Here, a novel fluorescent probe BDMP was developed based on boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) with high sensitivity for the detection of UGT1A8. The glucuronidation of BDMP not only exhibited a red-emission wavelength (λ_ex/λ_em = 500/580 nm), but also displayed an excellent UGT1A8-dependent fluorescence signal with a good linear relationship with UGT1A8 concentration. Based on this perfect biocompatibility and cell permeability, BDMP was successfully used to image endogenous UGT1A8 in human cancer cell lines (LoVo and HCT15) in real time. In addition, BDMP could also be used to visualize UGT1A8 in tumor tissues. These results suggested that BDMP is a promising molecular tool for the investigation of UGT1A8-mediated physiological function in humans.

关键词： UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8 fluorescent probe subtype selectivity fluorescence imaging

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of the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 993-1005 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0989-7

摘要： Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disease, but the current pharmacotherapies show limited efficacy and often accompanied by adverse effects. Acupuncture is a promising complementary therapy, but further clinical evidence is needed. The influence of acupuncture on migraine is not an immediate effect, and its mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to provide further clinical evidence for the anti-migraine effects of acupuncture and explore the mechanism involved. A randomized controlled trial was performed among 10 normal controls and 38 migraineurs. The migraineurs were divided into blank control, sham acupuncture, and acupuncture groups. Patients were subjected to two courses of treatment, and each treatment lasted for 5 days, with an interval of 1 day between the two courses. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated using pain questionnaire. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were analyzed for investigating brain changes induced by treatments. Blood plasma was collected for metabolomics and proteomics studies. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed to investigate the interaction between clinical, fMRI and omics changes. Results showed that acupuncture effectively relieved migraine symptoms in a way different from sham acupuncture in terms of curative effect, affected brain regions, and signaling pathways. The anti-migraine mechanism involves a complex network related to the regulation of the response to hypoxic stress, reversal of brain energy imbalance, and regulation of inflammation. The brain regions of migraineurs affected by acupuncture include the lingual gyrus, default mode network, and cerebellum. The effect of acupuncture on patients’ metabolites/proteins may precede that of the brain.

关键词： acupuncture migraine fMRI metabolome proteome

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Iron oxide nanoparticle-based theranostics for cancer imaging and therapy

Xiaoqing REN,Hongwei CHEN,Victor YANG,Duxin SUN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 253-264 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1425-y

摘要： Theranostic platform, which is equipped with both diagnostic and therapeutic functions, is a promising approach in cancer treatment. From various nanotheranostics studied, iron oxide nanoparticles have advantages since IONPs have good biocompatibility and spatial imaging capability. This review is focused on the IONP-based nanotheranostics for cancer imaging and treatment. The most recent progress for applications of IONP nanotheranostics is summarized, which includes IONP-based diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodal imaging, chemotherapy, hyperthermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and gene delivery. Future perspectives and challenges are also outlined for the potential development of IONP based theranostics in clinical use.

关键词： theranostics iron oxide nanoparticles MRI drug delivery photothermal therapy photodynamic therapy

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High resolution satellite imaging sensors for precision agriculture

Chenghai YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第4期页码 393-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018226

摘要：

The central concept of precision agriculture is to manage within-field soil and crop growth variability for more efficient use of farming inputs. Remote sensing has been an integral part of precision agriculture since the farming technology started developing in the mid to late 1980s. Various types of remote sensors carried on ground-based platforms, manned aircraft, satellites, and more recently, unmanned aircraft have been used for precision agriculture applications. Original satellite sensors, such as Landsat and SPOT, have commonly been used for agricultural applications over large geographic areas since the 1970s, but they have limited use for precision agriculture because of their relatively coarse spatial resolution and long revisit time. Recent developments in high resolution satellite sensors have significantly narrowed the gap in spatial resolution between satellite imagery and airborne imagery. Since the first high resolution satellite sensor IKONOS was launched in 1999, numerous commercial high resolution satellite sensors have become available. These imaging sensors not only provide images with high spatial resolution, but can also repeatedly view the same target area. The high revisit frequency and fast data turnaround time, combined with their relatively large aerial coverage, make high resolution satellite sensors attractive for many applications, including precision agriculture. This article will provide an overview of commercially available high resolution satellite sensors that have been used or have potential for precision agriculture. The applications of these sensors for precision agriculture are reviewed and application examples based on the studies conducted by the author and his collaborators are provided to illustrate how high resolution satellite imagery has been used for crop identification, crop yield variability mapping and pest management. Some challenges and future directions on the use of high resolution satellite sensors and other types of remote sensors for precision agriculture are discussed.

关键词： high resolution satellite sensor multispectral imagery precision agriculture spatial resolution temporal resolution

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Transient imaging with a time-of-flight cameraand its applications

Jing-yu LIN, Ri-hui WU, Hong-man WANG, Ye-bin LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1268-1276 doi: .org/10.1631/FITEE.1700556

摘要： Transient imaging is a technique in photography that recordsthe process of light propagation before it reaches a stationary statesuch that events at the light speed level can be observed. In thisreview we introduce three main models for transient imaging with atime-of-flight (ToF) camera: correlation model, frequency-domain model,and compressive sensing model. Transient imaging applications usuallyinvolve resolving the problem of light transport and separating thelight rays arriving along different paths. We discuss two of the applications:imaging objects inside scattering media and recovering both the shapeand texture of an object around a corner.

关键词： Transient imaging Time-of-flight(ToF) camera Scattering media Around corners

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Novel lysosome-targeted anticancer fluorescent agents used in zebrafish and nude mouse tumour imaging

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 112-120 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2075-5

摘要： The design of three novel fatty nitrogen mustard-based anticancer agents with fluorophores incorporated into the alkene structure (CXL 118, CXL121, and CXL122) is described in this report. The results indicated that these compounds are selectively located in lysosomes and exhibit effective antitumour activity. Notably, these compounds can directly serve as both reporting and imaging agents in vitro and in vivo without the need to add other fluorescent tagging agents.

关键词： fluorescent drug lysosomal anticancer zebrafish nude-mouse tumour imaging